Ryu RyuKo

July 1852-February1930
Previously
pictured is Xie Zhong Xiang, the founder of Whooping Crane (a system
sometimes mistaken with its counter part ‘Feeding Crane’ another
Crane style Gung Fu which emphasizes aggressive and offensive
techniques). Xie Zhong Xiang, sometimes referred to as "Rusi" by
locals of his village was born in Chang-le, Fujian. In his early
years, he followed in the footsteps of "Pan Yuba" to study Ming He
Quan. In 1883, he set
up a martial arts center and started to receive students and pass on
his style of Wushu. His Chinese boxing style Quan Fa had its own
special and unique characteristics. He was a first generation
master (Shi) of Whooping Crane Boxing. In 1866, RyuKo formally
started teaching his for of Te. Many believe that Xie was the
teacher of Higashionna Kanryo and other turn-of-the-century
Okinawan.
He was also
called RyuKo. Weather
this was truly his real name and picture or his actual birth and
death date. Whooping
Crane which strikingly resembles Goju Ryu definitely plays a
generous role in many Okinawan as well as Goju Ryu Kata. Defined particularly in
Suparunpai, Kururunfa, Saifa, etc; those Kata brought back to
Okinawa from China each demonstrate specific movements from White
Crane. This would
explain as back up evidence to the current line of history, which is
still somewhat fuzzy due to the destruction of material during the
Second World War. RyuKo
is given credit for being the teacher of Kanryo Higaonna.

March 10th, 1851
- December 23, 1915
Having been born
to a poor family (the family line actually had carried much wealth)
reputed to have earned a living transporting firewood from the
Kerama Island, Kanryo was born in Naha, Okinawa, now a prefecture of
Japan. He stood very
small in size however had unparalleled speed and agility. His last name also
pronounced as Higashionna,
Kanryo Higaonna
is known as the founder and highest authority of Naha-Te and was a
student of RyuKo. He is considered one of the earliest and foremost
masters of Okinawan Karate and regarded as one of the most
influential Karate instructors in Okinawan history.
Higashionna-Sensei
was noted for his powerful Sanchin Kata. Sometimes he would permit
four men to attempt to push him out of his stance, but they were
always unable to move him. It is said that after finishing his
Sanchin Kata, the wooden floor would be hot from the mere gripping
of his toes. His most prominent and best student was Chojun Miyagi,
the founder of Goju-Ryu.

‘Do not be struck by others’
‘Do not strike others’
‘The principle is the peace without
incident[1]’
April 25,1888-October 8th, 1953
Chojun Miyagi was born April
25th1888 in Naha Okinawa of a wealthy family in the import export
business, which enabled him to travel to China from 1904 to 1908 to
study the style of his instructor and develop the style of Karate we
call Goju Ryu today. However his original Martial Arts training
started with his neighbor RyuKo Aragaki (one of the very few
fighters ever to beat the legendary Choki Motobu) at 11 years old.
RyuKo Aragaki Sensei, before moving his family to Taiwan, later
introduced him to Kanryo Higaonna, and he began training at the age
of 14 in the fall of 1902 after fulfilling a host of chores (the
traditional way of being accepted by an instructor). In October 1915, Higaonna
Kanryo Sensei died (at Nishiishin-Machi, 2-chome, Naha
Okinawa). Miyagi Sensei
paid for his funeral.
After training
for 13 years training with Higaonna Sensei, Miyagi sailed to China
in search of his teacher’s teacher. Upon his quest he studied
Chugoku Kempo in Fouchow, Fukien Province, from 1915 to 1917.
When he returned
to Okinawa, he began to teach his Karate at a number of places in
and around Naha, and to lecture and demonstrate throughout Japan
Miyagi-Sensei subjected the art of Naha-te, as received from Kanryo
Higashionna, to scientific examination. He studied the basic Go
(Sanchin) and the six rules and created the Ju (Tensho) form,
combining soft and hard movements. He also organized the auxiliary
movements to strengthen the body through calisthenics. He organized
these exercises in preparation for practicing the classical Kata. It
can be said, he formulated the theory for the practice of Karate and
organized it as an educational subject, an art of self-defense, and
as a spiritual exercise. From the old Chinese book Wu Pei Chih (Army
account of Military Arts and Science) published in 1636, Miyagi took
the expression Goju Ryu for the name of his school as it appears in
the sentence: The successful methods required both give and take (Go
and Ju). Miyagi Sensei
was the first instructor to officially give his style a name in 1927
apart from the city in which it was practiced (See Historical review
of Goju Ryu), and organize a school of Karate. Miyagi often used
the slogan Nanji Kyokuden, meaning to “apply all one? Strength, to be determined
in everything that one does; defeat is not the end; losing is not
the end of everything.”
He was called the last great samurai warrior of Okinawa
because of his legendary strength and skill as well as his intense
dedication to the martial arts.
Although a somewhat quiet man
he was noted for his very large and muscular hands (the Goju Ryu
Fist may be found of the original cover of this paper and was
sketched of his hand) as well as being the senior most student of
Kanryo Higaonna. On his
pilgrimage to the Chinese mainland he studied not only the building
blocks of his teachers art Hung Gar-Shaolin Chuan Chi-Chi, but also
I-Chuan, Pa Kua Chang and Tai Chi Chuan. All softer however highly
skilled and effective styles.
It was at this time he learned the Kata or Quan (Chinese for
Kata) Rokkishu which later became the building block on Kata
Tensho. With this
additional martial art training Okinawa-te, Naha-te and the Chinese
arts Sensei Miyagi developed a refined form of empty hand, and even
today its Whooping Crane Chinese Gung Fu roots can still be seen in
its forms or Kata. A story is told that while visiting a temple in
China, Chojun Miyagi noticed a crane sitting on a roof, which was
made of tile. As he approached the huge bird, the crane became
alarmed and flew away. As it was flying away, the frightened crane
flapped its wings against the tile roof, breaking some of the tiles
in the process. Miyagi
was amazed that the soft feathers of the crane were able to break
something as hard as tiles. With that as the beginning, he devised a
whole new approach to Karate, mixing in with the hard techniques
many soft ones to be used in countering hard blows and kicks.
In 1929 Gogen
Yamaguchi invited Mr. Miyagi to visit Japan and he later named Mr.
Yamaguchi the leader of the Goju Ryu schools in mainland Japan. That
same year he was named as Shihan of the Okinawan Police and of the
Naha School of Commerce (the general educati
on program of Okinawa). Chojun Miyagi was named Karate Division Chairman of the Okinawan
Prefecture Athletic Association in 1930 and became a permanent
officer of the Dai Nippon Butokukai (Japan Martial Virtues
Association).


Master Miyagi
had four boys and five girls. Tsuru was the oldest daughter and
first born. Master Miyagi taught at his home, outside in his Garden
Dojo. But he didn't teach regularly outside his own personal
students. He would
occasionally Go to the Butoku-den in Naha (The Butoku-den was one of
the few buildings that survived the World War II battles on
Okinawa). Naha's Central Police buildings were rebuilt near the
Butoku-den, which was torn down in the late l980's. A bronze bust of
Chojun Miyagi was put up in the Butoku-den and was moved to the Naha
Police Headquarters in 1987. Miyagi never awarded anyone a Black
Belt. He was in the process of formulating requirements for the
Black Belt however he died before he completed this. Leaving an
unprecedented mark in the world of Karate-do and from his famous
Garden Dojo and enough legendary students to carry his name into the
history books of Martial Arts as the ‘Master”. Shihan Chojun Miyagi
died October 8th, 1953. He dedicated his entire life
and fortune to Karate.
1912-

Born March 6,
1912 Meitoku Yagi is the highest ranking and most thoroughly
knowledgeable party on Goju-Ryu. On a personal level, he is highly
unpopularized on an International basis and humble in presence.
He inherited Chojun Miyagi's Belt and Uniform
from the Miyagi family. After Master Miyagi passed away his family
members had a meeting to decide who should be his successor. They
made their decision based on loyalty, character, heritage, knowledge
and formally presented the Master's Belt and Uniform. I displayed
the Uniform and Belt at the 33rd anniversary
Demonstration.
Meitoku
Yagi in
1997
In 1986 the late Emperor Hirohito awarded this man the Fourth Order of Merit for his outstanding contribution to Karate. (The same Hirohito decorated Yamaguchi earlier in 1968 with the Fifth Order of Merit as well as Ranju-Hosho, the Blue Ribbon Medal). These recognigitions recognize the recipient as a National Living Treasure and are entrusted on to the most distinguished persons for their contributions to Japans Society.
Gogen Yamaguchi,
former head of Japanese Goju-Ryu, recognized Yagi Sensei rightful
heir to Miyagi's Okinawan system. Yamaguchi visited Okinawa many
times (as well as Yagi visited Tokyo) to compare Kata and receive
instruction in the advanced methods of Goju-Ryu. Yagi Sensei has said “When I
used to Go used to Tokyo I would train at Gogen Yamaguchi's Dojo and
teach Goju-Ryu to his youngest sons and daughter. I should say that
if you study in the modern day IKGA of their Dojo you can have
confidence that you are learning the advanced methods of
Goju-Ryu.”
Before the
twenty-fifth anniversary of the death of Chojun Miyagi, Gogen
Yamaguchi and Kanki Izumigawa went to his Dojo in Okinawa to receive
instruction in Kata in March of 1978. Yamaguchi-Sensei studied with
Master Miyagi for a short period of time and represented his system
of Karate on mainland Japan.
Izumigawa-Sensei
was a student of Seiko Higa (An Original student of Chojun Miyagi
and classmate of Sensei Yagi) and began studying with Higa after the
war. Izumigawa-Sensei taught in Kawasaki City, Japan. Both wanted
their Kata to coincide with the Okinawan Kata.
Currently Meitoku Yagi is active, healthy, and sharp after studying Karate since age 13 when his grandfather took him to Miyagi's Dojo garden in 1925. After Miyagi's death, Meitoku Yagi founded the MeibuKan School of Okinawan Goju-Ryu, as well as the Okinawan Goju-Kai, an Association that includes all Okinawan Goju-Ryu styes.
Meitoku Yagi was
known as "the Makiwara breaker" however he now plays the piano and
recently learned to play the violin. And most recently in 1988 he
was the Japanese National Champion of Chun-ji, the game of Chinese
chess. In 1989 the Japanese champion as well as world champion. To
this very day each morning health permitting, before the Children
pass by his house on their way to school, Meitoku Yagi sweeps away
the litter and dirt alongside the street of his home and Dojo.
Meitatsu Yagi
and Meitetsu Yagi, the two sons of Meitoku Yagi, speak perfect
English and are expected to walk in their fathers’ footsteps.
Meitatsu Yagi is Hanshi 10th Dan, and President of the All Okinawa
Goju-Kai Association. His younger brother Meitetsu Yagi is a Kyoshi
9th Dan, and one of the vice-presidents of the association.
Japan & the Spread of Karate
To date, Goju
Ryu Yamaguchi-ha is legitimately practiced in 74 different
countries. There are 33
countries associated in the Goju Ryu Kai International. The primary spread of Goju
Ryu world wide can be directly associated with the---
Gogen
YamaguchiJanuary 20th,
1909-May 20th, 1989
‘One Strike’[1]
Gogen Yamaguchi
was born oshimi Yamaguchi on January 20th 1909, in the city of
agoshima on the southern end of Kyushu Japan. His father Tokutaro
Yamaguchi was a merchant and later a schoolteacher and
Superintendent, his mother Yoshimatsu was his fathers’
assistant. Gogen
Yamaguchi was also known in the world of Karate as ‘the Cat’.
Yamaguchi was a small man, just over five feet and a mere 160
pounds, however he projected the impression of great bulk and
solemnity and was first dubbed “the Cat” by American GI’s for his
gliding walk and flowing hair.
He alone is primarily responsible for the spread of Goju Ryu
in the world today.
After graduating
for Ritsumei Kan University in Kyoto (1934) That same year Yamaguchi
Sensei invented Jiyu-Kumite which has become known today as sport
and tournament Kumite; In 1935 he officially formed the All Japan
Goju Kai Karate-Do Association (now today’s I.K.G.A.). Also in 1935:
Mr. Yamaguchi began his travels with the Japanese Government as an
intelligence officer and the first son of Mr. Yamaguchi (Norimi
Gosei Yamaguchi) is born (June 25th, 1935). During his military tour in
Manchuria Yamaguchi was seized by the Russian military (1942) and so
begins the fabled tales of Gogen Yamaguchi’s infamous time in the
Russian Concentration camp and he battle and defeat of a live
Tiger. Gogen Yamaguchi
had been slated for hard labor in the Russian POW camp. But the man
impressed even his Russian captors. When they found out who he was,
they had him give Karate lessons to the Russian troops. And so the
captive became the master of the captors, who became his students.
In 1945 after coming out of the Manchurian war camp and finishing
his tour from World War II, he returned to Japan where he reopened
his Karate Dojo and posted a sign outside reading Goju Ryu Kai. Many people thought his
school was forever closed and that he had been killed in the war. He
decided to hold big weeklong exhibitions in Tokyo featuring all the
various Chinese arts he had discovered during his years there as
well as the traditional Japanese arts. His school reopened
and began a rapid expansion through a network of independent Goju
Ryu schools that had went on to teach without formal
leadership. Through
this expansion and with his unmistakable flair that, if it were in
any other field, he would have to be described as a showman he built
it into a powerful, sprawling Karate empire
Mr. Gogen
Yamaguchi established Goju-Kai Headquarters to Tokyo, Japan next to
the legendary Giho-Kai Judo Institute. Shihan Yamaguchi effectively
had Goju-Ryu formally registered into the Butoku-Kai, the official
governing body and ‘Government’ Headquarters for the Japanese
Martial Arts, similar to our own pentagon.
Though a calm,
sensitive person, Midori Yamaguchi displayed during that period the
quiet strength and strong will characteristic of her. Many have said that if Gogen
Yamaguchi hadn't had Midori at his side during all these years he
wouldn't have been able to organize his system. Some students have
felt greater affection for Midori Yamaguchi than for the Gogen
Yamaguchi. During the years of vigorous training at the height of
Goju Ryu Kai’s influence Midori Yamaguchi played the part of a
virtual Dojo Mom.
Mr. Yamaguchi
was actually awarded his rank of Renshi in 1940 although not
returning to Japan for residency until 1945. In 1950 Goju-Kai
Headquarters was officially relocated to Tokyo Japan which
contributed to an almost triple in membership to 450,000. Five years later he
officially chartered the I.K.G.A. Later in 1964 Mr. Yamaguchi
unified all the Karate Dojo in Japan to form the All Japan Karate
Federation which is still in existence today as the Japan Karate
Federation (JKF).
Prior to his
death (in 1968), he was decorated by the Emperor of Japan with the
Ranju-Hosho (Blue Ribbon Medal) and the fifth order of merit for his
contribution to the martial arts. In his most pictorial fame
Yamaguchi produced and distributed a short film on training in
Taikgyo or Waterfall training. In the winter of 1965, the outdoor
excursion was held on the slopes of Mt. Nagano Ontake. Each day
started off with Yamaguchi and his followers pouring ice water over
themselves. During one of his mountainside excursions in the dead of
winter heading a group of followers, without shoes and clad only in
a thin Gi. This ‘waterfall’ involves practicing the Kihon Gata
Sanchin and or Tensho as well as SanchinTensho, utilizing the Yo and
In practice of Ibuki breathing. The power of the water fall forced
the performers to maintain themselves there by when the film was
mass distributed it marked the image of Goju Ryu Kai players as
being close to invincible as was their reputation. In 1966 his
Organization counted more than 1,200 Dojo and clubs and 600,000
members claimed for the Goju Ryu system. Before passing away of
natural causes Yoshimi Gogen Yamaguchi had become a Lawyer, Military
officer, a Highly decorated war hero, a Shinto priest, an
influential Yoga Practitioner (collaborating the significance of
Karate Do to that of Yoga) as well as a Karate Master, father and
Husband.[2]
June 29th, 1935-
Gosei Yamaguchi
was born Norimi Gosei Yamaguchi on June 29th, 1935 in Kyoto - Japan,
and is the eldest sibling of Gogen Yamaguchi who train
Karate-Do. He began his
Karate training at age four with his father. He spent his early Child
hood (1939-1945) living in Manchuria China while his father was on
duty serving in the Japanese military.
Mr. Yamaguchi
(as he prefers to be called by those who are not his students)
earned the rank of Sho-Dan in Judo at the Kodokan nearby the home of
his father while in High School. He later studied Shotokan,
Russian, and Commerce while attending Takushoku University
(1952-1954) for two years and transferring. On to Meiji Gakuin
University (1954-1956) he graduated with a BA in English Literature
at age 21. Mr.
Yamaguchi was sent to the USA by his father and began teaching in
1964 at San Francisco State University Karate club where his younger
brothers Gosen Kishio Yamaguchi had
already established a club and his youngest brother Goshi Hirofumi Yamaguchi assisted
in promoting and teaching.
N. Gosei Yamaguchi officially became a staff instructor there
in 1967. On a Side note
Kishio Yamaguchi (Gosen) returned home to help teach at the Honbu
Dojo assisting his father and to continue his college studies. He returned to San Francisco
in 1966 with his new bride.
Then followed by returning to Japan and went on to become
employed and later the Vice-President of the now Major Airline Japan
Airlines (JAL) which would explain the sponsorship success of the
Goju Ryu Kai by JAL through out the 1970’s.
In 1965 Mr.
Gosei Yamaguchi formally established and was appointed head of the
Goju-Kai Karate-Do, U.S.A and at the time of its conception was a
formal part of the I.K.G.A.
Although now the Goju Ryu Kai USA has very few Shibu Dojo,
the association at one time boasted Eighty six (86) schools and
about Fifty thousand (50k) students in the USA (20 Thousand in New
York / New Jersey area alone).
In 1972 Mr. Gosei Yamaguchi was named as ‘Instructor of the
Year’ by “Black Belt Magazine” today’s most popular Martial Arts
Magazine in the United States.

At the time of the writing of this
section (1997-98), Mr. Yamaguchi still teaches Kinesiology and self
defense (not commonly called Karate in the eyes of Universities) at
S.F.S.U and still heads the Goju-Kai Karate-Do, U.S.A. located at 97
Collingwood Ave. San Francisco, California (Due to close its doors
on April 30th, 2000).
At almost 60 years in the study of study Goju Ryu, his
current rank is 9th Dan Hanshi, Shihan. Mr. Gosei Yamaguchi still
remains one of the legendary Karate-Ka in the United States today
and still teaches Goju Ryu in its most classical form. He idealizes
the martial arts as educational tools and approaches Karate from the
points of view of psychology, physiology, physics, ethics and
aesthetics, applying them to everyday life.
September 28th, 1942-
Goshi Yamaguchi
was born Hirofumi Goshi Yamaguchi September 28th, 1942 in Shinjing,
Manchuria, to his mother Midori Yamaguchi and is the third son of
Gogen Yamaguchi.
In 1951 at the age of eight Goshi Yamaguchi began his formal
Seceding his father, he was appointed the President of the All Japan Karate-do Goju-Kai Association (J.K.G.A.) and the International Karate-do Goju-Kai Association (I.K.G.A.) in 1990.
Kenzo Uchiage
Mr. Kenzo Uchiage is Studied jointly under Chojun Miyagi in Okinawa and Gogen Yamaguchi while at Ritsumikan University in Japan. Under their direction he was one of the early Goju Ryu karate ka to have received Menkyu from the Butokukai and to date has been involved in the study and spread of Goju Ryu for over 63 years and was elected to the Nippon Budokan Budo Koroh-Sho (Japan Martial Arts Award) in 1987. Kenzo Uchiage was born (1920) eldest son to Naojiro Uchiage. Naojiro Uchiage was originally born Naojiro Imata however at an early age his parents passed and he was adopted by the Uchiage family. Originally, the Imata family politically controlled five villages of the Kawachi District of Osaka spanning 400 years.
Just as Chogun Miyagi, Kenzo Uchiage was succeptable to athletics. Martial Arts training started with Judo (3rd Dan) and Sumo while he still attended Imamiya high school. Instead of pursueing a career as a professional Sumo wrestler (as asked by Grand Yokozuna Champion Tamanishiki) he persued his education at Ritsumeikan University in Kyoto (1937) studing Law (post Gogen Yamaguchi having done so at the same School) and joined the University Karate club (originally founded by Jitsuei Yogi and Gogen Yamaguchi). In his fourth year he became the Ritsumeikan University team captain. (Shozo Ujita Sensei, former J.K.F. Vice-President and President of the J.K.F. Goju-Kai, was captain of the Ritsumeikan team one year senior of Kenzo. Uchiage Sensei and his classmate T. Kizaki Sensei later became Chairman of All Japan University Karate Federation). During his attendance at Ritsumeikan University, Mr. Kenzo Uchiage joined the Japanese Imperial Army from 1941 to 1945 during WWII, as an officer leading an airforce ground crew. He eventually returned to Ritsumeikan University and finished his Law Degree and to revive his activities in the Karate Club. Later he would coached at the University for two years and build his own dojo next to his house on his estate in Osaka. During this time the Rutsumeikan University Karate team again selected Gogen Yamaguchi to coach them. The University competition team included previous class/team mates Shozo Ujita and T, Kizaki. It was at these "last man standing" University competitions that Mas Oyama (Goju Ryu / Kyokushinkai) witnessed and decided to begin his own style of Karate Do specializing in Knock down type training .